Heating and ventilating apparatus.



A. HECTOR.

HEAHNG AND VENTILATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPTIZBI I910.

Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET l.

4 d 5 g 7 Z was:

A. HECTOR.

HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-26.19l0.

1 ,292,877 Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALCORN moron, or m YORK, n.1, ASSIGNOB 'ro nac'ron ens LAMP con'rnnr, or new our, 1:. 1., A conrom'rron or NEW YORK.

HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letter: Patent.

Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALCORN Rrzo'ron, citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the county and State of New York, temporarily residing in the city of Pittsbur h, in the county of Allegheny and State of Iennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating and Ventilating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

An object of this invention is to produce a simple and efiective apparatus for use in heating water either to a degree below or above the steam generating point, and for heating air. The apparatus is designed to use gaseous fuel, and a main ob ect of the invention is to utilize a maximum of the heat units in the fuel.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating the principle of this invention and the best mode now known to me of applying that principle,

Figures 1 and 2 are sectional elevations of two different forms of apparatus embodying my invention, and ig, 3 is an under-plan view of the water or a r-holding reservoir shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4: is a sectional elevation of still another form of apparatus embodying my invention, and particularly adapted for water-heatlng or steam-making.

In the drawings, referring to Fig. 1, 1 and 2 are parallel top plates of the apparatus spaced apart for a purpose to be explamed. The outward plate 1 is formed with a hole and cover 3, and the inner plate with a central depression 2 for reception of the perforated burner-plate 4 in the space between the bottom of depression 2 and the cover 3, in the present preferred embodiment of the invention, ,to form a central combustion chamber 5 at the upper side of the burnerplate 4 and a gas-receiving chamber 6 below it. (he chamber 6 is supplied with any suitable gaseous fuel, such as alcoholic, kerosene or gasolene vapor, artificial or natural gas, either umnixedpor mixed. by preference with air through a fuel supply pipe 7 which-is provided, exteriorly pf the apparatus, with a ho1e8 for admiss on of'air or other combustion-supporting gas-unto the pipe, wherein itis-mixed with combustible vapor supplied through pipe 7. A perforated adjustablecollar 9 is provided at this point to cover or uncover holes 8. Around the combustion chamber, the plates 1 and 2 are preferably brought close together to form a narrow or-shallow flue-like space 5, so as to compel as much of the products of combustion to come in direct contact with the up er and lower plates 1 and 2 as posslble, t ereby to radiate as many of the heat units as feasible consistently with a proper rapid withdrawal of the products of combustion from the combustion chamber.

The bottom of the apparatus is made up of two plates 10 and 11 spaced slightly apart to form a passage 10 for the flow of the products of combustion to the central exhaust port 12 in the outermost plate 11. The reason for spacing these two plates rather a short distance apart is the same as that stated for forming the narrow flue 5. The upper pair of plates land 2 form the top or one end wall and the pair of plates 10 and 11 form the bottom or other end wall of the outer casing 13, which with said plates constitute a reservoir for the medium to be heated, this reservoir being provided with an inlet port 1 1 and an outlet port 15. The fiues 5 and 10 are connected by (preferably) a plurality of pipes 16; and the exhaust port 12 for passage of the products of combustion is connected with preferably a suitable suction exhaust apparatus consisting of a suction fan casing 17, fan 18 and exhaust port 19. For the best results,

the fan should be operated to efi'ect a high speed suction, so as to withdraw the prodnets of combustion rapidly away from the flame and out of the combustion chamber, to prevent back pressure on the flame by the products of combustion and to improve combustion. To increase the radiation within the reservoir of the heat in the products of combustion and to radiate as many of the heat units as possible for heating the contents of the reservoir, each tube 20, the exterior diameter of which is but slightly less than the interior diameter of a tube 16, is passed through each ofthe' latter, the ends'of each tube 20 being fixed in the two outermost lates 1 and 11. In this way a plurality of narrow fiues 21, each between a tube 16 and a tube 20, are formed between the flues 5 and 10, and as the products of combustion are drawn through the fines 21, a maximum volume of the products of comconstant upward ascent of colder air below the (products of combustion may be substi-- tute the apparatus or nearer the floor through tubes 20 to the warmer air above, by natural draft. I

The apparatus, in whole and in part, may be made of any desired size, shape and material, or differ greatly in detail without departing from my invention, and any appropriate artificial means for forcibly moving for the suction apparatus shown, but it should be such as to produce a rapid and powerful movement as distinguished from a natural draft, for the apparatus shown could not be operated under-natural draft conditions.

Referring to Fig. 2, 40 is the exterior casing or reservoir provided at its upper end with a chamber 41 for roducts of combustion and there connected with the casing 42 of a suction fan 43, the casing having an exhaust port 44. The bottom 45 of the reservoir forms the u per wall of the combustion chamber 46 ormed in the base 47. A perforated burner-plate 48 is mounted above a fuel-receiving chamber 49 formed by the plate and walls of a receptacle 50 located or formed within the combustion chamber, which is provided with a door 51 for use in igniting the charge. The chamber is connected by a conduit 52 with any suitable source of fuel supply, such, for example, as fuel reservoir 53. In this embodiment, the reservoir is formed with a nipple 54 provided with a screw cap 55 perforated at 56 for admission of air to fuel reservoir 58 where the air so admitted is initially mixed with the vapor or gas of the reservoir content, which may be gasolene or alcohol, for example. The conduit 52 is perforated at 57 for admission of air or other combustion-- supporting gas into the initial gaseous mixture automatically generated in the fuel reservoir. An adjustable perforated collar 58 serves to stop the perforation 57 or to regulate the amount of air taken in thereat.

the upper chamber 41 for the escaping products o combustion by a series ofpi the lower ends of which are fixed in t e bottom 45 and the upper ends of which are fixed in the transverse plate 60 forming the bottom of chamber 41. An escape pipe 62 for the heated water or steam leads from a the apparatus after they have ldst their heat units, to the matter heated to a greater extent than is possible under natural draft conditions, and this is important The exterior casing may be omitted when the apparatus is to be used merely as a heater of the open air in a room.

In Fig. 4, 40 is the exterior casing, 41 a chamber for products of combustion, 46 a combustion chamber adjacent to the burner 50, 52 the fuel-supply pipe for the burner, and 9 the air-admission ator for the pipe. The apparatus is rovided with pipes 59 connecting. the com ustion-chamber 46 with the chamber 41 remote from the'combustion chamber, 2' is a dia hragm or plate at the bottom of the cham r 41, 10 is a plate at the top of the combustion chamber 46, is a coil for.the products of combustion leading from chamber 41 through the flue-chamber, 71 being the intake end of this flue-chamber, and the pipe or coil70 leading to the suction-rarefaction asparatus 72 the exhaust of which is indicate by 74. A motor If is indicated for driving the exhaust fan. In all forms of the apparatus it will be observed that the combustion chamber adjacent the burner forms one end, and the combustion-products chamber 41 forms the other end of the apparatus, so that the products of combustion are sucked through the entire length of the combustion-chamber and interiorl of matter to be heated.

In all of t e figures, I represents an inlet for water or air.

What I claim is 1. A heating apparatus comprising a substantially closed combustion chamber; means for supplyin to the combustion chamber a mixture of el and air, the proportion of air in the mixture beingsubstantially that combustion chamber; an inclosure for the chamber and the conduit and a medium to be heated and provided with suitable inlet and outlet ports for the medium; artificial draft means in communication with the conduit throughthe inclosure operable to suck into the chamber the air requiredfor combustion The com ustlon chamber 15 connected with y stantially closed combustion chamber; means for supplyinfg to the combustion chamber a mixture of us] and air, the proportion of T e products of combustion are air in the mixture being. substantially that. needed for the combustion of fuel; an exhaust conduit communicating with said comslick into the chamber the air required for combustion and to forcibly move the combustion products through the conduit and through the inclosure the contents of which are heated by radiation from the conduit.

3. A heating apparatus comprising av substantially closed combustion chamber; means for supplying to the combustion chamber a mixture of fuel and air, the proportion of air in the mixture being substantially that needed for the combustion of fuel; an exhaust conduit communicating with said combustion chamber; an inclosure for the conduit and a medium to be heated and provided with suitable inlet. and outletv ports for the medium; artificial draft means communi rating with the conduit through the inclosure operable to suck into the chamber the air required for combustion and to suck the combustion products through the conduit and out of the inclosure.

4. A heating apparatus comprising a combustion chamber so restricted in its openings as to be inoperative under a natural draft; means for supplying to the combustion chamber a. mixture of fuel and air, the proportion of air in the mixture being substantially that needed for the combustion of the fuel, an exhaust conduit communicating with said combustion chamber; an inclosure for the conduit and a medium to be heated and provided with suitable inlet and outlet ports for the medium; artificial draft means for making the combustion chamber operative by sucking air into the chamber and moving the combustion products out of the chamber through the conduit iii-heating contiguity to the medium to be heated.

5. A heating apparatus comprising a substantially closed combustion chamber, means for supplying to the combustion chamber a mixture of fuel and air, the proportion of air in the mixture being substantially that needed for the combustion of the fuel, an exhaust conduit communicating with said combustion chamber, an inclosure for the conduit and medium to be heated and provided with suitable inlet and outlet ports for the medium. and artificial draft means operable to force into the chamber the air required for combustion and to forcibly more the combustion products through the conduit and through the inclosure the contents of which are heated by radiation from the conduit.

(3. A heating apparatus comprising a combustion chamber so restricted in its openings as to be ino ierative under a. natural draft, means for auton'iatically supplying to the combustion chamber a mixture of fuel and air, the proportion of air in the mixture being substantially that needed for the combustion of the fuel, an exhaust conduit communicating with said combustion chamber, an inclosure for the conduit and a medium to be heated and provided with suitable inlet and outlet ports for the medium, and artificial draft means for making the combustion chamber operative by sucking air into the chamber and moving the combustion products out of the chamber through the conduit in heating contiguity to the medium to be heated.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of tWo Witnesses.

ALCORN RECTOR. Witnesses Dr. WATER YATES, CHAS. F. RANDOLPH. 

